Social Media and Public Opinion

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 Social media has revolutionized the way public opinion is shaped, altering communication strategies. The rapid dissemination of information and the influence of algorithms have created both opportunities and challenges in the digital landscape. While individuals now have greater access to diverse perspectives, the way information is filtered and presented has significant implications for public discourse.Social media platforms have transformed public opinion formation by enabling real-time sharing of information, often before traditional media outlets can respond. As Melissa Agnes (2015) discusses in her TEDx talk, this shift has placed pressure on organizations to develop crisis management strategies that are proactive rather than reactive. She highlights a case where a passenger in a train derailment took to social media before calling 911, illustrating how public perception is now shaped in real-time.

Photo Credit: Guo Qingshan, 2025
This speed can be beneficial in amplifying critical voices and causes, but it also contributes to spreading misinformation (Mazer, 2019). The ability to engage audiences through storytelling is a key strategy used by influencers, organizations, and governments to persuade users. According to the Narrative Paradigm theory lecture narrative (2025), humans are natural storytellers, and people are more likely to accept information when it is presented in a coherent and relatable narrative. This is evident in how viral posts and emotional appeals dominate social media discussions. Like the story of Puppy Mountain,

 

However, controlling information flow plays a crucial role in determining what people see and believe. According to the lecture, Gatekeeping theory explains how traditional media and now social media algorithms filter content, prioritizing posts that align with user engagement patterns. This creates echo chambers, where users are repeatedly exposed to similar viewpoints, reinforcing existing beliefs while limiting exposure to diverse perspectives. As a result, while users may feel in control of the content they see based on who they follow, the reality is that algorithms heavily influence their information consumption (Pearson et al., 2021).

 

The combination of the Narrative Paradigm and Gatekeeping theories highlights social media's power and risks. On one hand, compelling stories can drive social change, raise awareness, and mobilize action. Conversely, the selective presentation of information can skew public perception and contribute to polarization. As digital consumers, it is essential to critically evaluate the information presented and seek out diverse sources to develop a well-rounded understanding of current events.

 

How can individuals overcome the limitations of algorithm-driven content to ensure they are exposed to a broader range of perspectives?

 

 

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